{"id":5166,"date":"2024-11-29T01:56:45","date_gmt":"2024-11-29T01:56:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/lazersystem.net\/?p=5166"},"modified":"2024-11-29T02:05:52","modified_gmt":"2024-11-29T02:05:52","slug":"mis-on-laserloikamise-maaratlus-tuubid-omadused-kasutusalad","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/lazersystem.net\/et\/mis-on-laserloikamise-maaratlus-tuubid-omadused-uses-html","title":{"rendered":"Mis on laserl\u00f5ikus? M\u00e4\u00e4ratlus, t\u00fc\u00fcbid, omadused, kasutusalad"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

M\u00e4\u00e4ratlus<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Laser c<\/a>...<\/a> on termiline l\u00f5ikamismeetod, mille puhul kasutatakse fokuseeritud suure v\u00f5imsusega laserkiirt, mis kiirgab l\u00f5igatavat materjali, p\u00f5hjustades materjali kiire kuumenemise ja s\u00fcttimispunkti j\u00f5udmise ning seej\u00e4rel sulatamise, ablatsiooni, aurustumise ja aurustumise, et moodustada augud. Kui kiir liigub \u00fcle materjali, kasvavad augud kitsamateks l\u00f5ikudeks ning samal ajal puhub k\u00f5rgsurve t\u00f6\u00f6gaas sulanud materjali \u00e4ra, et viia l\u00f5pule sile ja puhas l\u00f5ige.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00f5him\u00f5te<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Laser kasutab aine ergastamist, et tekitada kiir. See kiir on tugeva temperatuuriga. Kui see puutub materjaliga kokku, v\u00f5ib see materjali pinnal kiiresti sulatada, et moodustada auk. Vastavalt registreerimispunkti liikumisele moodustub l\u00f5ikamine. V\u00f5rreldes traditsioonilise l\u00f5ikamismeetodiga on l\u00f5ikamismeetodil v\u00e4iksem l\u00f5he ja see v\u00f5ib s\u00e4\u00e4sta suurema osa materjalist. Anal\u00fc\u00fcs on siiski m\u00e4\u00e4ratletud vastavalt l\u00f5ikamise efektile. Laseri j\u00e4rgi l\u00f5igatud materjalil on rahuldav l\u00f5ikeefekt ja suur t\u00e4psus. See on p\u00e4ritud Lisaks laseri eelistele on see ka tavap\u00e4raste l\u00f5ikamismeetodite suhtes \u00fcletamatu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fc\u00fcbid<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Laserl\u00f5ikamine jaguneb nelja kategooriasse: aurustuv l\u00f5ikamine, sulatamine, hapnikuga l\u00f5ikamine, kriipsutamine ja kontrollitud murdmine.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Laseriga aurustamise l\u00f5ikamine<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kasutades t\u00f6\u00f6deldava detaili kuumutamiseks suure energiatihedusega laserkiirt, t\u00f5useb temperatuur kiiresti, j\u00f5uab v\u00e4ga l\u00fchikese aja jooksul materjali keemistemperatuurini ja materjal hakkab aurustuma, moodustades auru. Nende aurude v\u00e4ljapaiskumise kiirus on v\u00e4ga suur ja samal ajal, kui aurud v\u00e4ljapaiskuvad, tekib materjalis l\u00f5ige. Materjalide aurustumise soojus on \u00fcldiselt v\u00e4ga suur, mist\u00f5ttu laseriga aurustamine ja l\u00f5ikamine n\u00f5uab palju energiat ja v\u00f5imsustihedust.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aurul\u00f5ikamist kasutatakse enamasti v\u00e4ga \u00f5hukeste metallmaterjalide ja mittemetalliliste materjalide (nagu paber, kangas, puit, plastik, kummi jne) puhul.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Lasersulamise l\u00f5ikamine<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sulal\u00f5ikamisel sulatatakse metallimaterjal laserkuumuse abil ja seej\u00e4rel pihustatakse mitteoks\u00fcdeeriv gaas (Ar, He, N jne) l\u00e4bi kiirtega koaksiaalselt paikneva d\u00fc\u00fcsi ning vedel metall paisatakse gaasi tugeva r\u00f5hu m\u00f5jul v\u00e4lja, et moodustada l\u00f5ikekoht. Lasersulatusl\u00f5ikus ei pea metalli t\u00e4ielikult aurustama ja vajalik energia on ainult 1\/10 aurustumisl\u00f5ikusest.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sulal\u00f5ikamist kasutatakse enamasti materjalide puhul, mis ei ole kergesti oks\u00fcdeeruvad v\u00f5i aktiivsed metallid, nagu n\u00e4iteks roostevaba teras, titaan, alumiinium ja nende sulamid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Laserkiirguse l\u00f5ikamine hapnikuga<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Laserhapniku l\u00f5ikamise p\u00f5him\u00f5te on sarnane oks\u00fcatset\u00fcleeni l\u00f5ikamisega. See kasutab laserkiirt eelsoojendava soojusallikana ja aktiivset gaasi, n\u00e4iteks hapnikku, l\u00f5ikegaasina. \u00dchest k\u00fcljest reageerib puhutud gaas l\u00f5iketava metalliga, p\u00f5hjustades oks\u00fcdatsioonireaktsiooni ja eraldades suure hulga oks\u00fcdatsioonisoojust; teisest k\u00fcljest puhutakse sulanud oksiid ja sula reaktsioonitsoonist v\u00e4lja, et moodustada metallist l\u00f5ige. Kuna oks\u00fcdatsioonireaktsioon l\u00f5ikamisprotsessis tekitab palju soojust, on laserhapniku l\u00f5ikamiseks vajalik energia ainult 1\/2 sulatamisl\u00f5ikamisest ning l\u00f5ikamiskiirus on palju kiirem kui aurustuv l\u00f5ikamine ja sulatamisl\u00f5ikamine. Laserhapniku l\u00f5ikamist kasutatakse enamasti kergesti oks\u00fcdeeruvate metallmaterjalide, n\u00e4iteks s\u00fcsinikterase, titaanterase ja kuumt\u00f6\u00f6deldud terase puhul.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. Laserkirjeldus ja kontrollitud murdumine<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Laserskriipsutamisel kasutatakse suure energiatihedusega laserit, et skaneerida hapra materjali pinda, nii et materjali kuumutatakse, et aurustada v\u00e4ike soon, ja seej\u00e4rel rakendatakse teatud survet, hapra materjali praguneb piki v\u00e4ikest soont. Skreibimislaserid on tavaliselt Q-kommuteeritavad ja CO2-laserid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Murdumise kontrollimisel kasutatakse lasersoonte l\u00f5ikamisel tekitatud j\u00e4rsku temperatuurijaotust, mis tekitab rabedas materjalis lokaalseid termilisi pingeid ja purustab materjali piki v\u00e4ikest soonet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Omadused<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

V\u00f5rreldes teiste termilise l\u00f5ikamise meetoditega on laserl\u00f5ikusel kiire l\u00f5ikamiskiirus ja k\u00f5rge kvaliteet. Konkreetselt on kokku v\u00f5etud j\u00e4rgmised aspektid.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Hea l\u00f5ikekvaliteet<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e4nu v\u00e4ikesele l\u00f5ikepunktile, suurele energiatihedusele ja kiirele l\u00f5ikamiskiirusele on v\u00f5imalik saavutada k\u00f5rge l\u00f5ikekvaliteet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

a. L\u00f5ikusl\u00f5ige on kitsas, pilu m\u00f5lemad k\u00fcljed on pinnaga paralleelsed ja risti ning l\u00f5igatud detailide m\u00f5\u00f5tmete t\u00e4psus v\u00f5ib ulatuda \u00b10,05 mm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

b. L\u00f5ikepind on sile ja puhas, pinna karedus on ainult k\u00fcmneid mikroneid, ilma mehaanilise t\u00f6\u00f6tlemiseta, ja osi saab kasutada otse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

c. P\u00e4rast materjali laserl\u00f5ikamist on kuumusega m\u00f5jutatud tsooni laius v\u00e4ga v\u00e4ike, materjali j\u00f5udlus pilu l\u00e4hedal peaaegu ei m\u00f5juta ja tooriku deformatsioon on v\u00e4ike, l\u00f5iket\u00e4psus on k\u00f5rge, pilu geomeetria on hea ja pilu ristl\u00f5ike kuju on korrap\u00e4rasem ristk\u00fclik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. K\u00f5rge l\u00f5iket\u00f5husus<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e4nu \u00fclekandeomadustele on laserl\u00f5ikur tavaliselt varustatud mitme CNC-t\u00f6\u00f6lauaga ja kogu l\u00f5ikeprotsessi saab t\u00e4ielikult CNC-juhitud. T\u00f6\u00f6tamise ajal on vaja ainult muuta numbrilise kontrolli programmi, seda saab rakendada erineva kujuga detailide l\u00f5ikamiseks, nii kahe- kui ka kolmem\u00f5\u00f5tmeliseks l\u00f5ikamiseks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Kiire l\u00f5ikamiskiirus<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kasutades laserit v\u00f5imsusega 1200 W 2 mm paksuse madala s\u00fcsinikusisaldusega terasplaadi l\u00f5ikamiseks, v\u00f5ib l\u00f5ikamiskiirus ulatuda 600 cm\/min; 5 mm paksuse pol\u00fcprop\u00fcleenvaigust plaadi l\u00f5ikamisel v\u00f5ib l\u00f5ikamiskiirus ulatuda 1200 cm\/min. Materjali ei ole vaja l\u00f5ikamise ajal kinnitada ja fikseerida, mis ei s\u00e4\u00e4sta mitte ainult t\u00f6\u00f6riistade kinnitusi, vaid ka lisaaega laadimiseks ja mahalaadimiseks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. Kontaktivaba l\u00f5ikamine<\/p>\n\n\n\n

L\u00f5ikep\u00f5leti ei puutu toorikuga kokku ja t\u00f6\u00f6riista kulumine puudub. Erineva kujuga detailide t\u00f6\u00f6tlemiseks ei ole vaja \"t\u00f6\u00f6riista\" vahetada, vaid muuta lihtsalt laseri v\u00e4ljundparameetreid. L\u00f5ikeprotsessi m\u00fcra on madal, vibratsioon on v\u00e4ike ja saaste puudub.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

5. On olemas palju erinevaid l\u00f5ikematerjale<\/p>\n\n\n\n

V\u00f5rreldes oks\u00fcatset\u00fcleeni l\u00f5ikamise ja plasmal\u00f5ikamisega on palju erinevaid laseriga l\u00f5igatavaid materjale, sealhulgas metall, mittemetall, metallip\u00f5hised ja mittemetallp\u00f5hised komposiitmaterjalid, nahk, puit ja kiudained. Kuid erinevate materjalide puhul on nende erinevate termof\u00fc\u00fcsikaliste omaduste ja laserite erineva neeldumiskiiruse t\u00f5ttu laserl\u00f5ikuseks erinev kohandatavus.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rakendused<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

Enamikku laserl\u00f5ikuritest juhitakse CNC-programmide abil v\u00f5i tehakse l\u00f5ikerobotideks. T\u00e4pse t\u00f6\u00f6tlemismeetodina saab laseriga l\u00f5igata peaaegu k\u00f5iki materjale, sealhulgas kahem\u00f5\u00f5tmelist l\u00f5ikamist v\u00f5i \u00f5hukeste metallplaatide kolmem\u00f5\u00f5tmelist l\u00f5ikamist.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Autotootmise valdkonnas on laialdaselt kasutatud ruumik\u00f5verate, n\u00e4iteks autode katuseakende l\u00f5ikamistehnoloogiat. Saksa Volkswageni ettev\u00f5te kasutab 500 W v\u00f5imsusega laserit keerulise kujuga kereplaatide ja mitmesuguste kumerate osade l\u00f5ikamiseks. Lennunduses kasutatakse lasertehnoloogiat spetsiaalsete lennundusmaterjalide, n\u00e4iteks titaanisulamite, alumiiniumisulamite, niklisulamite, kroomisulamite, roostevaba terase, ber\u00fclliumoksiidi, komposiitmaterjalide, plastide, keraamika ja kvartsi l\u00f5ikamiseks. Laseriga l\u00f5igatud lennundusdetailide hulka kuuluvad mootori leegitoru, titaanisulamist \u00f5hukese seinaga korpus, \u00f5hus\u00f5iduki raam, titaanisulamist nahk, tiiva truss, sabatiiva paneel, helikopteri p\u00f5hirootor, kosmoses\u00fcstiku keraamiline soojusisolatsiooniplaat jne.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Laserl\u00f5ikamistehnoloogiat kasutatakse ka mittemetalliliste materjalide t\u00f6\u00f6tlemisel. Mitte ainult ei saa l\u00f5igata suure k\u00f5vaduse ja rabedusega materjale, nagu r\u00e4ninitriid, keraamika, kvarts jne, vaid ka l\u00f5igata ja t\u00f6\u00f6delda paindlikke materjale, nagu kangas, paber, plastplaadid, kummi jne, n\u00e4iteks riiete l\u00f5ikamine laseriga, v\u00f5ib s\u00e4\u00e4sta riideid10 %\uff5e12%, parandada t\u00f5husust rohkem kui 3 korda.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Trendid<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

1. Laserl\u00f5ikemasin j\u00e4tkab epohhi tooterevolutsiooni.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Laseri allikas on l\u00f5ikuri p\u00f5hikomponent ja \u00fchtlasi oluline n\u00e4itaja, mis m\u00e4\u00e4rab kindlaks laserl\u00f5ikuri t\u00fc\u00fcbi ja l\u00f5ikamisv\u00f5ime. On \u00fctlematagi selge, et tulevased muutused laserl\u00f5ikurites toimuvad ka laserallikates. Nagu eespool mainitud, asendatakse CO2 la<\/a>ser l\u00f5ikemasin<\/a> kiudoptilise laserl\u00f5ikuri poolt on 40 aasta jooksul alates laserl\u00f5ikuri s\u00fcnnist toimunud k\u00f5ige olulisem tehnoloogiline revolutsioon, mis on toonud tootjatele ning uutele ja vanadele kasutajatele selles valdkonnas epohhiloovad majanduslikud eelised. Kas tulevikus tekib uus valgusallikas, mis on odavam kui kiudlaserid, millel on parem j\u00f5udlus, suurep\u00e4rasem kiirre\u017eiim, suurem elektrooptiline muundamiskiirus v\u00f5i madalam \u00fcldmaksumus? Vastus on muidugi jaatav. K\u00fcsige siis, milline laser? Loomulikult on praegu v\u00f5imatu anda t\u00e4pset vastust. Teadus ja tehnoloogia k\u00f5igub m\u00f5nikord, m\u00f5nikord tuhandeid miili p\u00e4evas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Suure v\u00f5imsusega kiudoptiline laser muutub laserl\u00f5ikamise turu peamiseks j\u00f5uks.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

T\u00e4nap\u00e4eval on erinevate v\u00f5imsusvahemike optiliste kiudude l\u00f5ikamismasinad teinud suure arengu. Kuid kus on tulevikus laserl\u00f5ikamismasinate peavoolu v\u00f5imsus? Kuigi igas v\u00f5imsusvahemikus olevatel masinatel on oma kasutus, kuid laserite perekond, mis algas suure v\u00f5imsusega kiudoptiliste laserite abil ja k\u00e4ivitas \u00fclemaailmse lasertehnoloogia revolutsiooni, peab suuremat v\u00f5imsust, suuremat t\u00e4psust ja suuremat l\u00f5ikev\u00f5imet \u00fcheks oluliseks kiudoptiliste laserl\u00f5ikurite arengusuundadeks. BOGONGCNC t\u00f5i hiljuti turule 15KW \u00fclikiire kiud<\/a> laserl\u00f5ikamismasin<\/a>, mis on saavutanud enneolematu l\u00e4bimurde l\u00f5ikekiiruse ja l\u00f5ikepaksuse osas, mis on \u00e4ratanud t\u00f6\u00f6stuse t\u00e4helepanu. Kas see sisaldab laserl\u00f5ikurite tulevast arengusuundumust? Tasub oodata t\u00f6\u00f6stuse eksperte, teadlasi ja kasutaja s\u00f5pru. Lisaks v\u00f5ime olla kindlad, et l\u00e4hitulevikus k\u00e4ivitavad paljud kodumaised ja v\u00e4lismaised kiudlaserl\u00f5ikurite tootjad \u00e4gedat turukonkurentsi. Ainult ettev\u00f5tted, kellel on suurep\u00e4rane tootekvaliteet, pidev keskendumine teadus- ja arendustegevuse investeeringutele ja p\u00f5hiliste konkurentsiv\u00f5imeliste tehnoloogiate omandamine, saavad seda teha ja olla v\u00f5itmatu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. Intelligentsuse ajastu on tulemas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Olgu see siis t\u00f6\u00f6stus 4.0 Saksamaal v\u00f5i intelligentne tootmine Hiinas, neljas t\u00f6\u00f6stusrevolutsioon t\u00f6\u00f6stusvaldkonnas on tulemas. Kuna suure t\u00e4psusega CNC laserl\u00f5ikamismasin<\/a>, hoiab laserl\u00f5ikur kindlasti ajaga sammu ja lendab koos tehnoloogiaga. Laserl\u00f5ikuri automatiseerimise areng on oluliselt parandanud lehtmetalli t\u00f6\u00f6koja tootmisv\u00f5imsust ja automatiseerituse taset.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tulevikus on sellest l\u00e4htuvalt v\u00f5rgutehnoloogia, kommunikatsioonitehnoloogia, arvutitarkvara tehnoloogia ja muude valdkondade valdkonnas tekkimas laserl\u00f5ikurite intelligentse tootmise ajastu. On ette n\u00e4ha, et t\u00e4ppisplekkide l\u00f5ikamise vahendina kasutab see paratamatult oma v\u00f5rgukommunikatsiooniv\u00f5imalusi, et suhelda tehase lehe lahti kerimise liiniga, painutuspingiga, CNC-stantsimispingiga, keevitus- (neetimis-) \u00fchendusseadmega, tulistamise ja katmisliiniga. Muud seadmed, mis on integreeritud \u00fchtsesse tootmisplaani, \u00fclesannete ja hindamise juhtimiss\u00fcsteemi, on muutunud oluliseks osaks lehtmetalli t\u00f6\u00f6koja juhtimiss\u00fcsteemist. Selle tulemusena muutuvad laseritootjad j\u00e4rk-j\u00e4rgult lehtmetallide valmistamise t\u00f6\u00f6v\u00f5tjateks.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Definition Laser cutting is a thermal cutting method that uses a focused high-power density laser beam to irradiate the material to be cut, causing the material to quickly heat up and reach the ignition point, and then melt, ablate, vaporize and evaporate to form holes. As the beam moves across the material, the holes grow to […]","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[95],"tags":[349],"class_list":["post-5166","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-blog","tag-fiber-laser-metal-cutting-machinefiber-laser-cutting-machinefiber-laser-cuttertube-laser-cutting-machine-price"],"yoast_head":"\nWhat Is Laser Cutting? Definition, Types, Features, Uses - BOGONG Laser Machine<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/lazersystem.net\/et\/mis-on-laserloikamise-maaratlus-tuubid-omadused-uses-html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"et_EE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What Is Laser Cutting? Definition, Types, Features, Uses\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Definition Laser cutting is a thermal cutting method that uses a focused high-power density laser beam to irradiate the material to be cut, causing the material to quickly heat up and reach the ignition point, and then melt, ablate, vaporize and evaporate to form holes. As the beam moves across the material, the holes grow to [...]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/lazersystem.net\/et\/mis-on-laserloikamise-maaratlus-tuubid-omadused-uses-html\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"BOGONG Laser Machine\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:author\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/profile.php?id=100092165133491\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-11-29T01:56:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-29T02:05:52+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/lazersystem.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/c04ccaa68fc7de3f75be92504dcf654.webp\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"338\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/webp\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Zhang, FridasLaserSystem\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Zhang, FridasLaserSystem\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"10 minutit\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lazersystem.net\/what-is-laser-cutting-definition-types-features-uses.html#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lazersystem.net\/what-is-laser-cutting-definition-types-features-uses.html\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Zhang, FridasLaserSystem\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/lazersystem.net\/#\/schema\/person\/51563e06e6743bb7fdddf2da33091637\"},\"headline\":\"What Is Laser Cutting? 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